Published 2006-05-18 · Federal Register document 06-4646
Airworthiness Directives; Engine Components Incorporated (ECi) Reciprocating Engine Connecting Rods
Publication summary
The FAA is adopting a new airworthiness directive (AD) for certain Lycoming Engines (formerly Textron Lycoming) 360 and 540 series reciprocating engines with ECi connecting rods, part number (P/N) AEL11750, installed. The Airmotive Engineering Corp, Division of Engine Components Incorporated (ECi), holds the Parts Manufacturer Approval (PMA) for the affected parts, and markets the parts as ECi parts. This AD requires replacing certain lot and serial numbered connecting rods, P/N AEL11750, having forging part number AEL11488. This AD would also prohibit installing certain ECi connecting rods, P/N AEL11750, into any Lycoming 360 or 540 series reciprocating engines. This AD results from reports of connecting rods with excessive variation in circularity of the journal bores. We are issuing this AD to prevent fatigue failure of the connecting rod and a possible uncommanded shutdown of the engine.
Why this record is shown
Source: Federal Register annual FAA metadata. Acquired 2026-09-03T22:23:20.745856+00:00. The title, summary and date are source facts.
- Source revision
- federal_register_ad_metadata_2006-8d787f8b35bc8016
- Source row
- results[167]
- Raw source SHA-256
- 8d787f8b35bc80165a417cea66de09cd32a1700face13759db364c607e405963
Final-rule publication
Recorded publication clauses
- AD identifier printed in this edition
- 2006-10-21
- Effective date printed in this edition
- 2006-06-22
Read 10 complete recorded clauses
Effective Date
Effective Date
(a) This airworthiness directive (AD) becomes effective June 22,
2006.
Exact source excerpt. Text positions 15432–15525, end exclusive, in the original decoded publication. SHA-256: 9b93cea7376c9d950afdc3ee8bbb9e7c7f6413f8d2bfeab97732dbf563300edf
Affected ADs
Affected ADs
(b) None.
Exact source excerpt. Text positions 15525–15554, end exclusive, in the original decoded publication. SHA-256: 027fbc44617399472b6ac4741da3aee18448654374228bcf4fe3f01df6b1539b
Applicability wording · Applicability
Applicability
(c) This AD applies to Lycoming Engines (formerly Textron
Lycoming) 360 and 540 series reciprocating engines specified in
Table 1 of this AD with Engine Components Incorporated (ECi)
connecting rods, part number (P/N) AEL11750 installed, limited to
Serial Numbers 54/6 and below and produced between January 2002 and
January 2004. They are also identified with forging P/N AEL11488 in
raised letters on the web of the beam between the big and small ends
of the connecting rod.
Table 1.--Engine Models
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Engine models
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
O-360-A1A, A1AD, A1C, A1D, A1F, A1F6, A1F6D, A1G, A1G6, A1G6D, A1H,
A1H6, A1LD, A1P, A2A, A2D, A2E, A2F, A2G, A2H, A3A, A3AD, A3D, A4A,
A4AD, A4D, A4G, A4J, A4K, A4M, A4N, A4P, A5AD, B1A, B1B, B2A, B2B, C1A,
C1C, C1E, C1F, C1G, C2A, C2B, C2C, C2D, C2E, C4F, C4P, D1A, D2A, D2B,
F1A6, G1A6, J2A;
HO-360-A1A, B1A, B1B, C1A;
IO-360-B1A, B1B, B1C, B1D, B1E, B1F, B1F6, B1G6, B2E, B2F, B2F6, B4A,
E1A, F1A, L2A;
LO-360-A1G6D, A1H6;
HIO-360-A1A, A1B, B1A, B1B;
AEIO-360-B1B, B1D, B1F, B1F6, B1G6, B2F, B2F6, B4A, H1A, H1B;
O-540-A1A, A1A5, A1B5, A1C5, A1D, A1D5, A2B, A3D5, A4A5, A4B5, A4C5,
A4D5, B1A5, B1B5, B1D5, B2A5, B2B5, B2C5, B4A5, B4B5, D1A5, E4A5, E4B5,
E4C5, F1A5, F1B5, G1A5, G2A5, H1A5, H1A5D, H1B5D, H2A5, H2A5D, H2B5D;
AEIO-540-D4A5, D4B5, D4C5, D4D5;
IO-540-A1A5, B1A5, B1B5, B1C5, C1B5, C1C5, C2C, C4B5, C4C5, C4D5, C4D5D,
D4A5, D4B5, D4C5, E1A5, E1B5, E1C5, G1A5, G1B5, G1C5, G1D5, G1E5, G1F5,
J4A5, N1A5, P1A5, R1A5, T4A5D, T4B5, T4B5D, T4C5D, V4A5, V4A5D;
LTIO-540-K1AD;
[[Page 28772]]
TIO-540-C1A, E1A, G1A, H1A, K1AD, AA1AD, AB1AD, AB1BD, AF1A, AF1B, AG1A.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
These engines are installed on, but not limited to, the aircraft
listed in Table 2 of this AD.
Table 2.--Aircraft Models
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Aircraft manufacturer Aircraft model
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Aero Boero........................... AB-180, AB-260.
Aero Commander....................... Lark (100), Aero Commander (500,
500-B, 500-E, 500-U).
Aero Engine Service Ltd.............. Victa (R-2).
Aerofab Inc.......................... Renegade 250, Turbo Renegade
(270).
Aviamilano........................... Flamingo (F-250).
Aviat................................ Husky.
Avions Pierre Robin.................. (HR100/250).
Beagle............................... Airedale (A-109), Husky (D5-180
01-U).
Bellanca Aircraft.................... Scout (8GCBC-CS, 8GCBC FP), Super
Decathlon (8KCAB-180), Aries T-
250.
Bolkow............................... 207, Klemm (K1-107C).
Britten-Norman....................... BN-2.
Brooklanda........................... Scoutmaster.
C.A.A.R.P............................ S A.N. (M-23III), C.A.P. (10).
C. Itoh and Co....................... Fuji FA-200.
Center Est Aeronautique.............. Regente (DR-253).
Cerva................................ (CE-43 Guepard).
Cessna Aircraft...................... Cardinal C-177A and C-177B, Teal
III, TSC (1A3), Skyhawk RG, and
C-172RG, Cutlass C-172Q.
Christen............................. Husky (A-1), Christen. Pitts (S-
2S), (S-2B).
DeHavilland.......................... Drover (DHA-3MK3), Heron
Conversion.
Dinfia............................... Ranquel (lA-51), Querandi (1A-
45).
Dornier.............................. (DO-28, DO-28-B1, DO-8-B1).
Doyn Aircraft........................ Doyn-Cessna (170B, 172, 172A,
172B).
Doyn Aircraft........................ Doyn-Beech (Beech 95).
Doyn Aircraft........................ Doyn-Piper (PA-23 ``160'', PA-23
``200'', PA-24 ``250'', PA-23
``250'').
Earl Horton.......................... Pawnee (Piper PA-25).
Embraer.............................. Corioca (EMB-710), Impanema
``AG.''
F.F.A................................ Bravo (200).
Found Bros........................... (FBA-2C), Centennial (100).
Fuji................................. (FA-200).
General Aviation..................... Model 114.
Gippsland............................ GA-200.
Great Lakes.......................... Trainer.
Grob................................. G115/Sport-Acro.
H.A.L................................ HPT-32.
Hughes Tool Co....................... (269A, 269-A-1, YHO-2HU, 300).
Intermountain Mfg Co................. Call Air (A-6, A-9, IAR821, IAR-
822, IAR-826, IAR-823).
Kingsford-Smith...................... Bushmaster (O-6).
Lake Aircraft........................ Colonial (C-2, LA-4, 4A or 4P),
Seawolf.
Malmo................................ Vipan (MF-10B, MF1-10).
Maule................................ Star Rocket MX-7-180, MX-7-180A,
Star Rocket (MX-7-235), Super
Rocket (M-6-235), Super Std.
Rocket (M-7-235).
Mid-States Mfg. Co................... Twin Courier (H-500), (U-5).
Mooney Aircraft...................... Master ``21'' (M-20D, M-20E),
Mark ``20B'', ``20D'', (M20B,
M20C), Statesman (M-20G), Mark
``21'' (M-20E), ``TLS'' M20M.
Moravan.............................. Zlin-50L.
Mundry............................... CAP-10.
Nash Aircraft Ltd.................... Petrel.
Neiva................................ 1PD-590V.
Norman Aeroplace Co.................. NAC-1 Freelance.
Omega Aircraft....................... BS-12D1.
Partenavia........................... Oscar (P-66).
Penn Yan............................. Super Cub Conversion.
Pilatus Britten-Norman............... Islander (BN-2A-26), Islander (BN-
2A-27, Islander II (BN-2B-26),
Islander (BN-2A-21), Trislander
(BN-2A-Mark III-2).
Piper Aircraft....................... Comanche (PA-24), Seminole (PA-
44), Cherokee ``C'' (PA-28
``180''), Cherokee ``D'' (PA-28
180''), Archer II (PA-28
``180''), Arrow (PA-28
``180R''), Seminole (PA-44),
Comanche (PA-24 ``150''), Aztec
(PA-23 ``250''), Cherokee (PA-24
``250''), Pawnee (PA-24
``235''), Cherokee (PA-28
``235''), Aztec (PA-23 ``235''),
Cherokee (PA-28 ``235''),
Comanche (PA-24 ``260''),
Cherokee Six (PA-32 ``260''),
Pawnee (PA-25 ``260''), Aztec B
(PA-23 ``250''), Comanche (PA-24
``250''), Aztec C (PA-23
``250''), Aztec F, Comanche (PA-
24), Turbo Aztec (PA-23-250).
[[Page 28773]]
Pitts................................ S-1S.
Poeschel............................. P-300.
Procaer.............................. Picchio (F-15-A).
Rawdon Brow.......................... Radon (T-1).
Raytheon Aircraft Co (Beech)......... Travel-Air (95, B-95, B-95A, B-
95B), Duchess 76, Sport,
Musketeer Custom III, Sundowner
180.
Regente.............................. N-591.
Rhein-Flugzeughau.................... RF-V.
Riley Aircraft....................... Rocket-Cessna (310), Turbo-
Rocket, Turbo-Aztec.
Robin................................ Regent (DR400/180), Remorqueur
(DR400/180R), R-3170, Aiglon (R-
1180T).
Robinson............................. R-44.
Rockwell............................. Commander (114, 114B, 114TC).
S A.A.B.............................. Safir (91-D).
Schweizer Aircraft Corporation....... 269A.
S.O.C.A.T.A.......................... Tobago (TB-10), Rallye Commodore
(MS-893), Rallye 180GI, Sportana
Sportsman (RS-180), Rallye
235CA, Rallye 235GT, Rallye
235C, TB-20, Trinidad TB-20,
Trinidad TC TB-21.
Shrike............................... (500-S).
Societe Aeronautique Normande. D-140, Jodel (D-140C).
Mousquetaire.
Siai-Marchetti....................... (S-205, SF-260, SF-208).
Silvercraft
Std. Helicopter
Sud.................................. Gardan (GY-180).
Tiger Aircraft LLC (American General) Tiger.
T. R. Smith Aircraft................. Aerostar, (600).
United Consultants................... See-Bee.
Utva................................. 75.
Valmet............................... PIK-23.
Varga................................ Kachina.
Wassmer.............................. Super 4 (WA-50A), Sancy (WA-40),
Baladou (WA-40), Pariou (WA-40),
(WA-50), Europa WA-52, WA-421,
WA4-2V.
Yoeman Aviation...................... YA-1.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Exact source excerpt. Text positions 15554–26131, end exclusive, in the original decoded publication. SHA-256: c603dc8ee52f42dd1a09af30703bd1a7cfa00100502c103b7263510439fc9b8e
Unsafe Condition
Unsafe Condition
(d) This AD results from reports of connecting rods with
excessive variation in circularity of the journal bores. We are
issuing this AD to prevent fatigue failure of the connecting rod and
possible uncommanded shutdown of the engine.
Exact source excerpt. Text positions 26131–26392, end exclusive, in the original decoded publication. SHA-256: 0b029e6fc4ae3aa5a962c7da835ef5cb60e41fe83aa61745ecb98fa07754f66e
Compliance
Compliance
(e) You are responsible for having the actions required by this
AD performed within the compliance times specified unless the
actions have already been done.
Exact source excerpt. Text positions 26392–26569, end exclusive, in the original decoded publication. SHA-256: 9b3c9e019fb507cf6548fcccdb7151b3e1278af7078c0a234a67c27b748f31df
Engines Not Repaired or Overhauled Since New
Engines Not Repaired or Overhauled Since New
(f) If your engine has not been overhauled or had any repair
since new, no further action is required.
Exact source excerpt. Text positions 26569–26724, end exclusive, in the original decoded publication. SHA-256: 816b3ddbb8672521ac4bf6dc23ae879e42fe8c8f95e470fa94ec86a745da5abc
Engines Overhauled or Repaired Since New
Engines Overhauled or Repaired Since New
(g) If your engine was overhauled or repaired since new, do the
following:
(1) Before further flight inspect the maintenance records and
engine logbook to determine if the overhaul or repair facility used
ECi connecting rods, P/N AEL11750.
(2) If the connecting rods are not ECi, P/N AEL11750, no further
action is required.
(3) If the connecting rods are ECi, P/N AEL11750, and if the
serial number is 54/7 or higher, no further action is required.
(Note: 54 is the lot number and 7 is the serial number of the ECi
connecting rod.)
(4) If the connecting rods are ECi, P/N AEL11750, having forging
P/N AEL11488 in raised letters on the web of the beam, and if the
serial number is 54/6 or lower, do the following:
(i) If the connecting rod has 2,000 or more hours time-in-
service (TIS), replace the connecting rod with a connecting rod that
has a lot number 55 or higher, or that has a P/N not specified in
this AD, within 50 hours TIS after the effective date of this AD.
(ii) If the connecting rod has fewer than 2,000 hours TIS,
replace the connecting rod with a connecting rod that has a lot
number 55 or higher, or that has a P/N not specified in this AD, at
the next engine overhaul, or next accessibility of the connecting
rod, but no later than 2,000 hours TIS on the connecting rod.
(iii) For the purpose of this AD, connecting rod accessibility
is defined as any maintenance action in which a cylinder assembly is
removed for maintenance.
(h) After the effective date of this AD, do not install any ECi
connecting rod, P/N AEL11750, that has SN 54/6 or lower into any
engine.
Exact source excerpt. Text positions 26724–28409, end exclusive, in the original decoded publication. SHA-256: 6237f2dc26bcd0f2af20e5abf190b4fd4b96a3a7e663e28822198643c76dde83
Alternative Methods of Compliance
Alternative Methods of Compliance
(i) The Manager, Special Certification Office, has the authority
to approve alternative methods of compliance for this AD, if
requested, using the procedures found in 14 CFR 39.19.
Exact source excerpt. Text positions 28409–28632, end exclusive, in the original decoded publication. SHA-256: 1e263705b14ea5ee6ce5993fbc6ea7044719514f9dae027f105325510cc8897d
Related Information
Related Information
(j) None.
Exact source excerpt. Text positions 28632–28668, end exclusive, in the original decoded publication. SHA-256: 089d33c9de21bb2011899e355c923e408b892f8d00857a2fa95cbe30d3a87d8f
Material Incorporated by Reference
Material Incorporated by Reference
(k) None.
Exact source excerpt. Text positions 28668–28718, end exclusive, in the original decoded publication. SHA-256: 5f9f4186bdc284fd4d5116111d055a69aa0e98a7110e30c8860fcf9b7c7d31bc
No replacement link has been established from this edition. The complete historical rule chain and current legal effect remain unknown.
Find all recorded historical references to AD 2006-10-21 · 0 printed reference observations in this pinned collection.
These are observations from one dated publication. Current legal status is unknown; aircraft applicability, installed configuration, compliance and burden require separate evidence. Missing or unparsed conditions remain unknown.
Why these observations are shown
They were extracted offline from the same immutable official HTML source as the complete recorded text. The dated source wording, original text coordinates and exact quote digests are retained. PDF/text agreement and current regulatory effect have not been qualified.
Observation revision: whole-ad-publication-clause-observations-1.0.1. Text SHA-256: cea409bbcac8177052263609a8019a94b3e6868cbee9e4ec3055258c351b1442. Source manifest: 95c2e7f97e8b36a2db4b967e4543d4d645848db1c94a43106ec8d78981cce824.
Official source · 2006-05-18
Publication text
This is the complete recorded text of this dated publication.
Current legal effect is unknown. Aircraft applicability, installed configuration and compliance require separate evidence. PDF/text agreement has not been evaluated.
Read the complete official publication text
[Federal Register Volume 71, Number 96 (Thursday, May 18, 2006)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 28769-28773]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 06-4646]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration
14 CFR Part 39
[Docket No. FAA-2005-21331; Directorate Identifier 2005-NE-07-AD;
Amendment 39-14605; AD 2006-10-21]
RIN 2120-AA64
Airworthiness Directives; Engine Components Incorporated (ECi)
Reciprocating Engine Connecting Rods
AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), Department of
Transportation (DOT).
ACTION: Final rule.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: The FAA is adopting a new airworthiness directive (AD) for
certain Lycoming Engines (formerly Textron Lycoming) 360 and 540 series
reciprocating engines with ECi connecting rods, part number (P/N)
AEL11750, installed. The Airmotive Engineering Corp, Division of Engine
Components Incorporated (ECi), holds the Parts Manufacturer Approval
(PMA) for the affected parts, and markets the parts as ECi parts. This
AD requires replacing certain lot and serial numbered connecting rods,
P/N AEL11750, having forging part number AEL11488. This AD would also
prohibit installing certain ECi connecting rods, P/N AEL11750, into any
Lycoming 360 or 540 series reciprocating engines. This AD results from
reports of connecting rods with excessive variation in circularity of
the journal bores. We are issuing this AD to prevent fatigue failure of
the connecting rod and a possible uncommanded shutdown of the engine.
DATES: This AD becomes effective June 22, 2006.
ADDRESSES: You may examine the AD docket on the Internet at http://dms.dot.gov or in Room PL-401 on the plaza level of the Nassif
Building, 400 Seventh Street, SW., Washington, DC.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Peter Hakala, Aerospace Engineer,
Special Certification Office, FAA, Rotorcraft Directorate, 2601 Meacham
Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76193; telephone (817) 222-5145; fax (817) 222-
5785.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The FAA proposed to amend 14 CFR part 39
with a proposed airworthiness directive (AD). The proposed AD applies
to Lycoming Engines (formerly Textron Lycoming) 360 and 540 series
reciprocating engines with ECi connecting rods, part number (P/N)
AEL11750, installed. We published the proposed AD in the Federal
Register on October 5, 2005 (70 FR 58103). That action proposed to
require replacing certain lot and serial numbered connecting rods, P/N
AEL11750, having forging part number AEL11488. That action would also
prohibit installing certain ECi connecting rods, P/N AEL11750, into any
Lycoming 360 or 540 series reciprocating engines.
Examining the AD Docket
You may examine the docket that contains the AD, any comments
received, and any final disposition in person at the Docket Management
Facility Docket Offices between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through
Friday, except Federal holidays. The Docket Office (telephone (800)
647-5227) is located on the plaza level of the Department of
Transportation Nassif Building at the street address stated in
ADDRESSES. Comments will be available
[[Page 28770]]
in the AD docket shortly after the DMS receives them.
Comments
We provided the public the opportunity to participate in the
development of this AD. We have considered the comments received.
Date Range for Defective Connecting Rods
Six commenters request the date range during which the defective
ECi connecting rods were manufactured or produced. Knowledge of the
manufacturing dates for the defective connecting rods could make them
easier to identify. We agree. ECi produced the connecting rods, P/N
AEL11750, with lot numbers 1 thru 54, between January 2002 and January
2004. We changed the AD applicability to indicate the dates ECi
produced the connecting rods.
Labor Time To Replace the Connecting Rods
Four commenters express concern that the labor time allotted to
remove and replace the ECi connecting rods is insufficient. We
disagree. The engine labor time estimates come from the Lycoming
``Removal and Installation Labor Allowance Guidebook'', SSP-875,
Revision dated May 2000. The labor allowance indicates that four hours
are required to replace each connecting rod. Therefore, a four-cylinder
engine with four connecting rods would require 16 workhours to remove
and replace the connecting rods. We did not change the AD.
Discussion Regarding Failure of the Connecting Rod Insert Bearings
Two commenters discuss the relationship between the failure of the
connecting rod insert bearing and the manufacturing defects in
circularity with the ECi connecting rods. We partially agree. The
contact signature between the big bore end of the connecting rod and
the backs of the insert bearings is critical. Improper machining of the
big bore end of the connecting rod can cause irregular support and
distress to the insert bearings. A manufacturer of engine insert
bearings states that wavy patterns on the connecting rod surface are
also indicated by horizontal stripes on the inner surface of the
connecting rod bearing. The horizontal stripes or contact signature
marks appear after the engine is run from 100 to 200 hours. Less severe
contact signature marks on the big bore end of the connecting rod will
not propagate a failure, as observed on several Lycoming connecting
rods. However, more severe dimensional defects than existed on ECi
connecting rods examined by the FAA may cause distress and fatigue
failure of the insert bearings. We determined that the fatigue failure
of the insert bearing accelerated the fracture of the ECi connecting
rod with the resulting engine failure that prompted this AD. We are not
aware of any reports of engine failures caused by Lycoming connecting
rods with similar contact signature marks. We did not change the AD.
More Frequent Oil and Filter Changes
Two commenters recommend that the oil and filter be changed every
25 hours and that the oil filters be cut open and inspected for any
non-magnetic insert bearing materials. We disagree. Lycoming Engines
has issued several mandatory service bulletins for connecting rod
insert bearing replacement that also require more frequent oil and
filter changes. For example, Lycoming Service Bulletin No. 547 and
Service Bulletin No. 561 state: ``Until the subject engine has been
upgraded with new bearings, Lycoming requires that the oil and filter
change interval be reduced to 10 hours and a mandatory filter and
suction screen inspection be accomplished at each interval.'' Lycoming
also suggests that more frequent oil changes with examination of the
contents of the oil filter can show early signs of connecting rod
insert bearing problems. We do not require more frequent oil changes,
and we did not change the AD.
Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Standards for Automobile Engines
Two commenters ask if the FAA uses SAE standards for engine
clearances for water-cooled automobile engines. They also suggest that
the FAA is creating new airworthiness standards for air-cooled piston
engines. We disagree. We did not use SAE standards for water-cooled
automobile engines for the development of the connecting rod AD. We did
not change this AD.
Extend the NPRM Comment Period
One commenter requested that we extend the NPRM comment period an
additional 90 days. We disagree. Several months have passed since the
December 5, 2005 comment deadline without any additional comments.
Therefore, we see no reason to extend the comment period. We did not
change the AD.
Comments That the Proposed AD is Not Necessary
Several commenters question the need for the connecting rod AD. We
disagree. We confirmed that a manufacturing defect existed in the ECi
connecting rods. The FAA has determined that this defect was the most
probable cause of an engine shutdown and forced landing incident. ECi
identified the manufacturing process deficiencies that were responsible
for the defective condition and took specific actions to correct these
deficiencies. We also determined that the subject ECi connecting rods
in service could possess these manufacturing defects and could,
therefore, fail during operation. The AD has now been changed to
require that the subject connecting rods be removed at 2,000 hours
time-in-service (TIS) rather than the 1,500 TIS required in the NPRM.
We project that the required replacement time can be extended to 2,000
hours (TIS) while maintaining an acceptable level of safety. With the
AD applying to the first 400 production connecting rods, we estimate
that only about 100 aircraft engines will be affected. This AD is
necessary to insure that these parts are removed from service to
prevent this unsafe condition from causing an engine failure and
uncommanded shutdown.
Discussion of Connecting Rod Service Difficulties
On October 16, 2003, ECi informed us that a Lycoming Engines O-360-
A4M engine experienced an in flight engine failure and uncommanded
shutdown. The failure occurred after 50 hours TIS following an engine
overhaul. ECi P/N AEL11750 connecting rods were installed in this
engine. The No. 4 connecting rod used in the Lycoming Engines O-360-A4M
failed due to destruction of the big bore end bearing and its support.
Examination of the No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3 connecting rods indicated an
unusual contact signature between the big bore ends and the backs of
the respective insert bearings. The signature was essentially the same
for each of the three rods and consisted of evenly spaced marks
parallel to the big bore end axes. There was also significant damage
present on the inner diameter of these three insert bearings. Our
metallurgical report also indicated that the big bore end of the
connecting rod had been poorly machined. This is consistent with a
finding in 2003, that a grinding machine used to produce the parts had
introduced irregular shaped holes at the big bore end of the connecting
rod due to problems with the bearings, grinding stones and cutting
fluid in the grinding machine. Also, FAA approved repair stations
reported that the early ECi P/N AEL11750 connecting rods had
insufficient clearance for a socket to fit correctly over the
connecting rod nut. Dragging of
[[Page 28771]]
the socket on the side of the connecting rod would result in an
incorrect torque value when the connecting rod nut was torqued during
engine assembly. ECi changed the design of the connecting rod to
provide more socket clearance. An undertorqued rod bolt could loosen
during operation.
Inspection and Regrinding of the Connecting Rods at Engine Overhaul
Four commenters recommend that the ECi AEL11750 connecting rods be
inspected after removal at engine overhaul and be reground to clean up
any defects. We disagree. A Lycoming service bulletin describes the
inspection and regrinding of connecting rods at engine overhaul, but
the connecting rods in this AD are not made by Lycoming. ECi might be
developing a new service bulletin for the identification and inspection
of the subject connecting rods. We did not change the AD requirement
for the connecting rod removal.
Definition of Connecting Rod Accessibility
Connecting rod accessibility is defined in paragraph (g)(4)(iii) as
any maintenance action in which a cylinder assembly is removed for
maintenance. These Lycoming engines are normally overhauled at 2,000
hours (TIS), therefore, we estimate that 70% of the subject connecting
rods will be replaced at engine overhaul. The subject connecting rods
can be replaced when a cylinder assembly is removed for maintenance. If
the connecting rods are replaced during cylinder assembly removal, the
engine case halves do not have to be separated.
Conclusion
We have carefully reviewed the available data, including the
comments received, and determined that air safety and the public
interest require adopting the AD as proposed with the changes described
previously. We have determined that these changes will neither increase
the economic burden on any operator nor increase the scope of the AD.
Costs of Compliance
We estimate that this AD would affect about 100 Lycoming Engines
360 and 540 series reciprocating engines installed on aircraft of U.S.
registry. We also estimate that it would take about 4 workhours per
connecting rod (a four cylinder engine with four connecting rods would
require 16 workhours to remove and replace the connecting rods), and
that the average labor rate is $65 per workhour. Required parts would
cost about $450 per connecting rod. Based on these figures, we estimate
the total cost of the AD to U.S. operators to be $288,000.
Authority for This Rulemaking
Title 49 of the United States Code specifies the FAA's authority to
issue rules on aviation safety. Subtitle I, section 106, describes the
authority of the FAA Administrator. Subtitle VII, Aviation Programs,
describes in more detail the scope of the Agency's authority.
We are issuing this rulemaking under the authority described in
subtitle VII, part A, subpart III, section 44701, ``General
requirements.'' Under that section, Congress charges the FAA with
promoting safe flight of civil aircraft in air commerce by prescribing
regulations for practices, methods, and procedures the Administrator
finds necessary for safety in air commerce. This regulation is within
the scope of that authority because it addresses an unsafe condition
that is likely to exist or develop on products identified in this
rulemaking action.
Regulatory Findings
We have determined that this AD will not have federalism
implications under Executive Order 13132. This AD will not have a
substantial direct effect on the States, on the relationship between
the national government and the States, or on the distribution of power
and responsibilities among the various levels of government.
For the reasons discussed above, I certify that this AD:
(1) Is not a ``significant regulatory action'' under Executive
Order 12866;
(2) Is not a ``significant rule'' under DOT Regulatory Policies and
Procedures (44 FR 11034, February 26, 1979); and
(3) Will not have a significant economic impact, positive or
negative, on a substantial number of small entities under the criteria
of the Regulatory Flexibility Act.
We prepared a summary of the costs to comply with this AD and
placed it in the AD Docket. You may get a copy of this summary at the
address listed under ADDRESSES.
List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 39
Air transportation, Aircraft, Aviation safety, Safety.
Adoption of the Amendment
0
Accordingly, under the authority delegated to me by the Administrator,
the Federal Aviation Administration amends 14 CFR part 39 as follows:
PART 39--AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES
0
1. The authority citation for part 39 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701.
Sec. 39.13 [Amended]
0
2. The FAA amends Sec. 39.13 by adding the following new airworthiness
directive:
2006-10-21 Engine Components Incorporated (ECi): Amendment 39-14605.
Docket No. FAA-2005-21331; Directorate Identifier 2005-NE-07-AD.
Effective Date
(a) This airworthiness directive (AD) becomes effective June 22,
2006.
Affected ADs
(b) None.
Applicability
(c) This AD applies to Lycoming Engines (formerly Textron
Lycoming) 360 and 540 series reciprocating engines specified in
Table 1 of this AD with Engine Components Incorporated (ECi)
connecting rods, part number (P/N) AEL11750 installed, limited to
Serial Numbers 54/6 and below and produced between January 2002 and
January 2004. They are also identified with forging P/N AEL11488 in
raised letters on the web of the beam between the big and small ends
of the connecting rod.
Table 1.--Engine Models
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Engine models
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
O-360-A1A, A1AD, A1C, A1D, A1F, A1F6, A1F6D, A1G, A1G6, A1G6D, A1H,
A1H6, A1LD, A1P, A2A, A2D, A2E, A2F, A2G, A2H, A3A, A3AD, A3D, A4A,
A4AD, A4D, A4G, A4J, A4K, A4M, A4N, A4P, A5AD, B1A, B1B, B2A, B2B, C1A,
C1C, C1E, C1F, C1G, C2A, C2B, C2C, C2D, C2E, C4F, C4P, D1A, D2A, D2B,
F1A6, G1A6, J2A;
HO-360-A1A, B1A, B1B, C1A;
IO-360-B1A, B1B, B1C, B1D, B1E, B1F, B1F6, B1G6, B2E, B2F, B2F6, B4A,
E1A, F1A, L2A;
LO-360-A1G6D, A1H6;
HIO-360-A1A, A1B, B1A, B1B;
AEIO-360-B1B, B1D, B1F, B1F6, B1G6, B2F, B2F6, B4A, H1A, H1B;
O-540-A1A, A1A5, A1B5, A1C5, A1D, A1D5, A2B, A3D5, A4A5, A4B5, A4C5,
A4D5, B1A5, B1B5, B1D5, B2A5, B2B5, B2C5, B4A5, B4B5, D1A5, E4A5, E4B5,
E4C5, F1A5, F1B5, G1A5, G2A5, H1A5, H1A5D, H1B5D, H2A5, H2A5D, H2B5D;
AEIO-540-D4A5, D4B5, D4C5, D4D5;
IO-540-A1A5, B1A5, B1B5, B1C5, C1B5, C1C5, C2C, C4B5, C4C5, C4D5, C4D5D,
D4A5, D4B5, D4C5, E1A5, E1B5, E1C5, G1A5, G1B5, G1C5, G1D5, G1E5, G1F5,
J4A5, N1A5, P1A5, R1A5, T4A5D, T4B5, T4B5D, T4C5D, V4A5, V4A5D;
LTIO-540-K1AD;
[[Page 28772]]
TIO-540-C1A, E1A, G1A, H1A, K1AD, AA1AD, AB1AD, AB1BD, AF1A, AF1B, AG1A.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
These engines are installed on, but not limited to, the aircraft
listed in Table 2 of this AD.
Table 2.--Aircraft Models
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Aircraft manufacturer Aircraft model
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Aero Boero........................... AB-180, AB-260.
Aero Commander....................... Lark (100), Aero Commander (500,
500-B, 500-E, 500-U).
Aero Engine Service Ltd.............. Victa (R-2).
Aerofab Inc.......................... Renegade 250, Turbo Renegade
(270).
Aviamilano........................... Flamingo (F-250).
Aviat................................ Husky.
Avions Pierre Robin.................. (HR100/250).
Beagle............................... Airedale (A-109), Husky (D5-180
01-U).
Bellanca Aircraft.................... Scout (8GCBC-CS, 8GCBC FP), Super
Decathlon (8KCAB-180), Aries T-
250.
Bolkow............................... 207, Klemm (K1-107C).
Britten-Norman....................... BN-2.
Brooklanda........................... Scoutmaster.
C.A.A.R.P............................ S A.N. (M-23III), C.A.P. (10).
C. Itoh and Co....................... Fuji FA-200.
Center Est Aeronautique.............. Regente (DR-253).
Cerva................................ (CE-43 Guepard).
Cessna Aircraft...................... Cardinal C-177A and C-177B, Teal
III, TSC (1A3), Skyhawk RG, and
C-172RG, Cutlass C-172Q.
Christen............................. Husky (A-1), Christen. Pitts (S-
2S), (S-2B).
DeHavilland.......................... Drover (DHA-3MK3), Heron
Conversion.
Dinfia............................... Ranquel (lA-51), Querandi (1A-
45).
Dornier.............................. (DO-28, DO-28-B1, DO-8-B1).
Doyn Aircraft........................ Doyn-Cessna (170B, 172, 172A,
172B).
Doyn Aircraft........................ Doyn-Beech (Beech 95).
Doyn Aircraft........................ Doyn-Piper (PA-23 ``160'', PA-23
``200'', PA-24 ``250'', PA-23
``250'').
Earl Horton.......................... Pawnee (Piper PA-25).
Embraer.............................. Corioca (EMB-710), Impanema
``AG.''
F.F.A................................ Bravo (200).
Found Bros........................... (FBA-2C), Centennial (100).
Fuji................................. (FA-200).
General Aviation..................... Model 114.
Gippsland............................ GA-200.
Great Lakes.......................... Trainer.
Grob................................. G115/Sport-Acro.
H.A.L................................ HPT-32.
Hughes Tool Co....................... (269A, 269-A-1, YHO-2HU, 300).
Intermountain Mfg Co................. Call Air (A-6, A-9, IAR821, IAR-
822, IAR-826, IAR-823).
Kingsford-Smith...................... Bushmaster (O-6).
Lake Aircraft........................ Colonial (C-2, LA-4, 4A or 4P),
Seawolf.
Malmo................................ Vipan (MF-10B, MF1-10).
Maule................................ Star Rocket MX-7-180, MX-7-180A,
Star Rocket (MX-7-235), Super
Rocket (M-6-235), Super Std.
Rocket (M-7-235).
Mid-States Mfg. Co................... Twin Courier (H-500), (U-5).
Mooney Aircraft...................... Master ``21'' (M-20D, M-20E),
Mark ``20B'', ``20D'', (M20B,
M20C), Statesman (M-20G), Mark
``21'' (M-20E), ``TLS'' M20M.
Moravan.............................. Zlin-50L.
Mundry............................... CAP-10.
Nash Aircraft Ltd.................... Petrel.
Neiva................................ 1PD-590V.
Norman Aeroplace Co.................. NAC-1 Freelance.
Omega Aircraft....................... BS-12D1.
Partenavia........................... Oscar (P-66).
Penn Yan............................. Super Cub Conversion.
Pilatus Britten-Norman............... Islander (BN-2A-26), Islander (BN-
2A-27, Islander II (BN-2B-26),
Islander (BN-2A-21), Trislander
(BN-2A-Mark III-2).
Piper Aircraft....................... Comanche (PA-24), Seminole (PA-
44), Cherokee ``C'' (PA-28
``180''), Cherokee ``D'' (PA-28
180''), Archer II (PA-28
``180''), Arrow (PA-28
``180R''), Seminole (PA-44),
Comanche (PA-24 ``150''), Aztec
(PA-23 ``250''), Cherokee (PA-24
``250''), Pawnee (PA-24
``235''), Cherokee (PA-28
``235''), Aztec (PA-23 ``235''),
Cherokee (PA-28 ``235''),
Comanche (PA-24 ``260''),
Cherokee Six (PA-32 ``260''),
Pawnee (PA-25 ``260''), Aztec B
(PA-23 ``250''), Comanche (PA-24
``250''), Aztec C (PA-23
``250''), Aztec F, Comanche (PA-
24), Turbo Aztec (PA-23-250).
[[Page 28773]]
Pitts................................ S-1S.
Poeschel............................. P-300.
Procaer.............................. Picchio (F-15-A).
Rawdon Brow.......................... Radon (T-1).
Raytheon Aircraft Co (Beech)......... Travel-Air (95, B-95, B-95A, B-
95B), Duchess 76, Sport,
Musketeer Custom III, Sundowner
180.
Regente.............................. N-591.
Rhein-Flugzeughau.................... RF-V.
Riley Aircraft....................... Rocket-Cessna (310), Turbo-
Rocket, Turbo-Aztec.
Robin................................ Regent (DR400/180), Remorqueur
(DR400/180R), R-3170, Aiglon (R-
1180T).
Robinson............................. R-44.
Rockwell............................. Commander (114, 114B, 114TC).
S A.A.B.............................. Safir (91-D).
Schweizer Aircraft Corporation....... 269A.
S.O.C.A.T.A.......................... Tobago (TB-10), Rallye Commodore
(MS-893), Rallye 180GI, Sportana
Sportsman (RS-180), Rallye
235CA, Rallye 235GT, Rallye
235C, TB-20, Trinidad TB-20,
Trinidad TC TB-21.
Shrike............................... (500-S).
Societe Aeronautique Normande. D-140, Jodel (D-140C).
Mousquetaire.
Siai-Marchetti....................... (S-205, SF-260, SF-208).
Silvercraft
Std. Helicopter
Sud.................................. Gardan (GY-180).
Tiger Aircraft LLC (American General) Tiger.
T. R. Smith Aircraft................. Aerostar, (600).
United Consultants................... See-Bee.
Utva................................. 75.
Valmet............................... PIK-23.
Varga................................ Kachina.
Wassmer.............................. Super 4 (WA-50A), Sancy (WA-40),
Baladou (WA-40), Pariou (WA-40),
(WA-50), Europa WA-52, WA-421,
WA4-2V.
Yoeman Aviation...................... YA-1.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unsafe Condition
(d) This AD results from reports of connecting rods with
excessive variation in circularity of the journal bores. We are
issuing this AD to prevent fatigue failure of the connecting rod and
possible uncommanded shutdown of the engine.
Compliance
(e) You are responsible for having the actions required by this
AD performed within the compliance times specified unless the
actions have already been done.
Engines Not Repaired or Overhauled Since New
(f) If your engine has not been overhauled or had any repair
since new, no further action is required.
Engines Overhauled or Repaired Since New
(g) If your engine was overhauled or repaired since new, do the
following:
(1) Before further flight inspect the maintenance records and
engine logbook to determine if the overhaul or repair facility used
ECi connecting rods, P/N AEL11750.
(2) If the connecting rods are not ECi, P/N AEL11750, no further
action is required.
(3) If the connecting rods are ECi, P/N AEL11750, and if the
serial number is 54/7 or higher, no further action is required.
(Note: 54 is the lot number and 7 is the serial number of the ECi
connecting rod.)
(4) If the connecting rods are ECi, P/N AEL11750, having forging
P/N AEL11488 in raised letters on the web of the beam, and if the
serial number is 54/6 or lower, do the following:
(i) If the connecting rod has 2,000 or more hours time-in-
service (TIS), replace the connecting rod with a connecting rod that
has a lot number 55 or higher, or that has a P/N not specified in
this AD, within 50 hours TIS after the effective date of this AD.
(ii) If the connecting rod has fewer than 2,000 hours TIS,
replace the connecting rod with a connecting rod that has a lot
number 55 or higher, or that has a P/N not specified in this AD, at
the next engine overhaul, or next accessibility of the connecting
rod, but no later than 2,000 hours TIS on the connecting rod.
(iii) For the purpose of this AD, connecting rod accessibility
is defined as any maintenance action in which a cylinder assembly is
removed for maintenance.
(h) After the effective date of this AD, do not install any ECi
connecting rod, P/N AEL11750, that has SN 54/6 or lower into any
engine.
Alternative Methods of Compliance
(i) The Manager, Special Certification Office, has the authority
to approve alternative methods of compliance for this AD, if
requested, using the procedures found in 14 CFR 39.19.
Related Information
(j) None.
Material Incorporated by Reference
(k) None.
Issued in Burlington, Massachusetts, on May 12, 2006.
Thomas A. Boudreau,
Acting Manager, Engine and Propeller Directorate, Aircraft
Certification Service.
[FR Doc. 06-4646 Filed 5-17-06; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-13-P
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