Airworthiness Directives; Polskie Zaklady Lotnicze Sp. z o.o. Airplanes

[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 183 (Wednesday, September 24, 2025)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 45911-45914]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2025-18499]


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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

Federal Aviation Administration

14 CFR Part 39

[Docket No. FAA-2025-1113; Project Identifier MCAI-2024-00552-A; 
Amendment 39-23138; AD 2025-18-11]
RIN 2120-AA64


Airworthiness Directives; Polskie Zaklady Lotnicze Sp. z o.o. 
Airplanes

AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT.

ACTION: Final rule.

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SUMMARY: The FAA is adopting a new airworthiness directive (AD) for all 
Polskie Zaklady Lotnicze Sp. z o.o. Model PZL M28 05 airplanes. This AD 
was prompted by incorrect flap settings and airspeed during approach 
for landing under one engine inoperative (OEI) conditions in the 
airplane flight manual (AFM) emergency procedures. This AD requires 
revising the existing AFM for your airplane to provide the correct 
emergency procedures. The FAA is issuing this AD to address the unsafe 
condition on these products.

[[Page 45912]]


DATES: This AD is effective October 29, 2025.
    The Director of the Federal Register approved the incorporation by 
reference of a certain publication listed in this AD as of October 29, 
2025.

ADDRESSES: 
    AD Docket: You may examine the AD docket at regulations.gov under 
Docket No. FAA-2025-1113; or in person at Docket Operations between 9 
a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays. The AD 
docket contains this final rule, the mandatory continuing airworthiness 
information (MCAI), any comments received, and other information. The 
address for Docket Operations is U.S. Department of Transportation, 
Docket Operations, M-30, West Building Ground Floor, Room W12-140, 1200 
New Jersey Avenue SE, Washington, DC 20590.
    Material Incorporated by Reference:
    <bullet> For Polskie Zaklady Lotnicze material identified in this 
AD, contact Polskie Zaklady Lotnicze Sp. z o.o., Wojska Polskiego 3, 
39-300 Mielec, Poland; phone: +48 17 743 1901; email: 
[email protected]; website: pzlmielec.pl.
    <bullet> You may view this material at the FAA, Airworthiness 
Products Section, Operational Safety Branch, 901 Locust, Kansas City, 
MO 64106. For information on the availability of this material at the 
FAA, call (817) 222-5110. It is also available at regulations.gov under 
Docket No. FAA-2025-1113.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Doug Rudolph, Aviation Safety 
Engineer, FAA, 1600 Stewart Avenue, Suite 410, Westbury, NY 11590; 
phone: (816) 329-4059; email: [email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Background

    The FAA issued a notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM) to amend 14 
CFR part 39 by adding an AD that would apply to all Polskie Zaklady 
Lotnicze Sp. z o.o. Model PZL M28 05 airplanes. The NPRM was published 
in the Federal Register on June 23, 2025 (90 FR 26463). The NPRM was 
prompted by AD 2024-0183, dated September 20, 2024 (EASA AD 2024-0183) 
(also referred to as the MCAI), issued by the European Union Aviation 
Safety Agency (EASA), which is the Technical Agent for the Member 
States of the European Union. The MCAI states that occurrences have 
been reported by pilot instructors where, during type rating training 
with Model PZL M28 airplanes, students applied an incorrect flap 
setting and airspeed while practicing the emergency procedure for an 
approach and landing with OEI after a simulated engine failure. The 
investigation concluded that the root cause for these occurrences was 
typographical errors in the AFM.
    In the NPRM, the FAA proposed to require revising the existing AFM 
for your airplane to provide the correct emergency procedures. The FAA 
is issuing this AD to prevent pilots from applying incorrect flap 
settings and airspeed. The unsafe condition, if not addressed, could 
result in loss of control of the airplane.
    You may examine the MCAI in the AD docket at regulations.gov under 
Docket No. FAA-2025-1113.

Discussion of Final Airworthiness Directive

Comments

    The FAA received comments from two individuals. Both commenters 
supported the NPRM without change.

Conclusion

    These products have been approved by the civil aviation authority 
of another country and are approved for operation in the United States. 
Pursuant to the FAA's bilateral agreement with this State of Design 
Authority, that authority has notified the FAA of the unsafe condition 
described in the MCAI referenced above. The FAA reviewed the relevant 
data, considered any comments received, and determined that air safety 
requires adopting this AD as proposed. Accordingly, the FAA is issuing 
this AD to address the unsafe condition on these products. Except for 
minor editorial changes, this AD is adopted as proposed in the NPRM.

Material Incorporated by Reference Under 1 CFR Part 51

    The FAA reviewed pages 3-4, ENGINE FAILURE AT DESCENT (Landing 
Approach) and ENGINE FAILURE DURING BALKED LANDING; 3-9, BALKED LANDING 
WITH ONE ENGINE INOPERATIVE; 3-17, ENGINE FAILURE AT DESCENT (LANDING 
APPROACH); 3-18, ENGINE FAILURE DURING BALKED LANDING; and 3-25 and 3-
26, BALKED LANDING WITH ONE ENGINE INOPERATIVE from Section 3, 
Emergency Procedures in Polskie Zak[lstrok]ady Lotnicze Airplane Flight 
Manual, Model PZL M28 05, Revision 55, dated July 9, 2024. This 
material provides the correct emergency procedures for the flightcrew 
when adjusting the flap settings and airspeed during approach for 
landing under simulated OEI conditions.
    The FAA also reviewed Polskie Zaklady Lo[lstrok]nicze Check List, 
PZL M28 05 with PT6A-65B engines, Emergency Procedures, Revision 1, 
dated July 9, 2024. This material provides the flightcrew with the 
correct emergency procedures checklist that corresponds with the 
changes to Section 3, Emergency Procedures, of the AFM.
    In addition, the FAA reviewed Polskie Zak[lstrok]ady Lotnicze Check 
List, PZL M28 05 with PT6A-65B engines, Emergency Procedures, effective 
on airplanes without the installed ice protection system certified for 
flights in known and forecast icing conditions, Revision 1, dated July 
9, 2024. This material provides the flightcrew with the correct 
emergency procedures checklist that corresponds with the changes to 
Section 3, Emergency Procedures, of the AFM.
    This material is reasonably available because the interested 
parties have access to it through their normal course of business or by 
the means identified in the ADDRESSES section.

Differences Between This AD and the MCAI

    The MCAI applies to Polskie Zaklady Lotnicze Sp. z o.o. Model PZL 
M28 02-W airplanes, but this AD does not because this model does not 
have an FAA type certificate.
    The MCAI requires informing all pilots about the AFM update and 
thereafter operating the airplane accordingly, and this AD does not 
because those actions are already required by FAA regulations.

Costs of Compliance

    The FAA estimates that this AD affects nine airplanes of U.S. 
registry.
    The FAA estimates the following costs to comply with this AD:

                                                 Estimated Costs
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                       Cost per    Cost on U.S.
                  Action                            Labor cost           Parts cost    product       operators
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Revise AFM and checklist.................  2 work-hours x $85 per hour           $0         $170          $1,530
                                            = $170.
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[[Page 45913]]

Authority for This Rulemaking

    Title 49 of the United States Code specifies the FAA's authority to 
issue rules on aviation safety. Subtitle I, section 106, describes the 
authority of the FAA Administrator. Subtitle VII: Aviation Programs, 
describes in more detail the scope of the Agency's authority.
    The FAA is issuing this rulemaking under the authority described in 
Subtitle VII, Part A, Subpart III, Section 44701: General requirements. 
Under that section, Congress charges the FAA with promoting safe flight 
of civil aircraft in air commerce by prescribing regulations for 
practices, methods, and procedures the Administrator finds necessary 
for safety in air commerce. This regulation is within the scope of that 
authority because it addresses an unsafe condition that is likely to 
exist or develop on products identified in this rulemaking action.

Regulatory Findings

    This AD will not have federalism implications under Executive Order 
13132. This AD will not have a substantial direct effect on the States, 
on the relationship between the national government and the States, or 
on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various 
levels of government.
    For the reasons discussed above, I certify that this AD:
    (1) Is not a ``significant regulatory action'' under Executive 
Order 12866,
    (2) Will not affect intrastate aviation in Alaska, and
    (3) Will not have a significant economic impact, positive or 
negative, on a substantial number of small entities under the criteria 
of the Regulatory Flexibility Act.

List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 39

    Air transportation, Aircraft, Aviation safety, Incorporation by 
reference, Safety.

The Amendment

    Accordingly, under the authority delegated to me by the 
Administrator, the FAA amends 14 CFR part 39 as follows:

PART 39--AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES

0
1. The authority citation for part 39 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701.


Sec.  39.13  [Amended]

0
2. The FAA amends Sec.  39.13 by adding the following new airworthiness 
directive:

2025-18-11 Polskie Zaklady Lotnicze Sp. z o.o.: Amendment 39-23138; 
Docket No. FAA-2025-1113; Project Identifier MCAI-2024-00552-A.

(a) Effective Date

    This airworthiness directive (AD) is effective October 29, 2025.

(b) Affected ADs

    None.

(c) Applicability

    This AD applies to Polskie Zaklady Lotnicze Sp. z o.o. Model PZL 
M28 05 airplanes, certificated in any category.

(d) Subject

    Joint Aircraft System Component (JASC) Code 1100, Placards and 
Markings.

(e) Unsafe Condition

    This AD was prompted by incorrect flap settings and airspeed 
during approach for landing under one engine inoperative conditions 
in the airplane flight manual (AFM) emergency procedures. The FAA is 
issuing this AD to prevent pilots from applying incorrect flap 
settings and airspeed. The unsafe condition, if not addressed, could 
result in loss of control of the airplane.

(f) Compliance

    Comply with this AD within the compliance times specified, 
unless already done.

(g) Required Actions

    (1) Within 30 days after the effective date of this AD, revise 
Section 3, Emergency Procedures of the existing AFM for your 
airplane to include the information specified in paragraphs 
(g)(1)(i) through (v) of this AD using Polskie Zak[lstrok]ady 
Lotnicze Airplane Flight Manual, Model PZL M28 05, Revision 55, 
dated July 9, 2024. Using a different document with information 
identical to the information in the sections listed in paragraph 
(g)(1)(i) through (v) of this AD is acceptable for compliance with 
the requirements of this paragraph.
    (i) Page 3-4, ENGINE FAILURE AT DESCENT (Landing Approach) and 
ENGINE FAILURE DURING BALKED LANDING.
    (ii) Page 3-9, BALKED LANDING WITH ONE ENGINE INOPERATIVE.
    (iii) Page 3-17, ENGINE FAILURE AT DESCENT (LANDING APPROACH).
    (iv) Page 3-18, ENGINE FAILURE DURING BALKED LANDING.
    (v) Pages 3-25 and 3-26, BALKED LANDING WITH ONE ENGINE 
INOPERATIVE.
    (2) Within 30 days after the effective date of this AD, revise 
the Emergency Procedures checklist of the existing AFM for your 
airplane to include the information specified in pages 5, 6, and 15 
of Polskie Zak[lstrok]ady Lotnicze Check List, PZL M28 05 with PT6A-
65B engines, Emergency Procedures, Revision 1, dated July 9, 2024; 
or Polskie Zak[lstrok]ady Lotnicze Check List, PZL M28 05 with PT6A-
65B engines, Emergency Procedures, effective on airplanes without 
the installed ice protection system certified for flights in known 
and forecast icing conditions, Revision 1, dated July 9, 2024, as 
applicable.
    (3) The owner/operator (pilot) holding at least a private pilot 
certificate may revise the existing AFM and checklist and must enter 
compliance with the applicable paragraph of this AD into the 
airplane maintenance records in accordance with 14 CFR 43.9(a) and 
91.417(a)(2)(v). The record must be maintained as required by 14 CFR 
91.417, 121.380, or 135.439.

(h) Alternative Methods of Compliance (AMOCs)

    (1) The Manager, International Validation Branch, FAA, has the 
authority to approve AMOCs for this AD, if requested using the 
procedures found in 14 CFR 39.19. In accordance with 14 CFR 39.19, 
send your request to your principal inspector or local Flight 
Standards District Office, as appropriate. If sending information 
directly to the manager of the International Validation Branch, send 
it to the attention of the person identified in paragraph (i) of 
this AD and email to: [email protected].
    (2) Before using any approved AMOC, notify your appropriate 
principal inspector, or lacking a principal inspector, the manager 
of the local flight standards district office/certificate holding 
district office.

(i) Additional Information

    For more information about this AD, contact Doug Rudolph, 
Aviation Safety Engineer, FAA, 1600 Stewart Avenue, Suite 410, 
Westbury, NY 11590; phone: (816) 329-4059; email: 
[email protected].

(j) Material Incorporated by Reference

    (1) The Director of the Federal Register approved the 
incorporation by reference (IBR) of the material listed in this 
paragraph under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51.
    (2) You must use this material as applicable to do the actions 
required by this AD, unless the AD specifies otherwise.
    (i) Section 3, Emergency Procedures in Polskie Zak[lstrok]ady 
Lotnicze Airplane Flight Manual, Revision 55, Model PZL M28 05, 
dated July 9, 2024, pages:
    (A) 3-4, ENGINE FAILURE AT DESCENT (Landing Approach); and 
ENGINE FAILURE DURING BALKED LANDING;
    (B) 3-9, BALKED LANDING WITH ONE ENGINE INOPERATIVE;
    (C) 3-17, ENGINE FAILURE AT DESCENT (LANDING APPROACH);
    (D) 3-18, ENGINE FAILURE DURING BALKED LANDING; and
    (E) 3-25 and 3-26, BALKED LANDING WITH ONE ENGINE INOPERATIVE.
    (ii) Polskie Zak[lstrok]ady Lotnicze Check List, PZL M28 05 with 
PT6A-65B engines, Emergency Procedures, Revision 1, dated July 9, 
2024.
    (iii) Polskie Zak[lstrok]ady Lotnicze Check List, PZL M28 05 
with PT6A-65B engines, Emergency Procedures, effective on airplanes 
without the installed ice protection system certified for flights in 
known and forecast icing conditions, Revision 1, dated July 9, 2024.
    (3) For Polskie Zak[lstrok]ady Lotnicze material identified in 
this AD, contact Wojska Polskiego 3, 39-300 Mielec, Poland; phone: 
+48 17 743 1901; email: [email protected]; website: 
pzlmielec.pl.

[[Page 45914]]

    (4) You may view this material at the FAA, Airworthiness 
Products Section, Operational Safety Branch, 901 Locust, Kansas 
City, MO 64106. For information on the availability of this material 
at the FAA, call (817) 222-5110.
    (5) You may view this material at the National Archives and 
Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability 
of this material at NARA, visit www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations or email [email protected].

    Issued on September 12, 2025.
Steven W. Thompson,
Acting Deputy Director, Compliance & Airworthiness Division, Aircraft 
Certification Service.
[FR Doc. 2025-18499 Filed 9-23-25; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-13-P

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